Energy Scholars' Press Energy Security and Geopolitics of Oil

Energy has always been the cornerstone of human civilization, driving economic development, technological advancement, and societal progress. Among all energy sources, oil occupies a unique and central position. Since its large-scale commercial exploitation in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, oil has not only powered industries, transportation systems, and military operations but has also become a critical instrument in shaping international relations and geopolitics. The dependence of modern economies on oil is both an opportunity and a vulnerability.